AD 97-19-16

Superseded

AFM - Limitations Section - Thrust Reverser

Key Information
97-19-16
Superseded
October 27, 1997
Not specified
97-NM-246-AD
39-10169
Applicability
["Aircraft"]
["Large Airplane"]
Not specified
F.28 Mark 0100
Summary

This document publishes in the Federal Register an amendment adopting airworthiness directive (AD) 97-19-16, that was sent previously to all known U.S. owners and operators of Fokker Model F28 Mark 0100 series airplanes equipped with Rolls-Royce Tay 650-15 engines, by individual notices. This AD requires a revision to the FAA-approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) to include procedures to prohibit use of reverse engine thrust power settings between idle and emergency maximum; and submission of a report to the airplane manufacturer. This action is prompted by a report that, during preparation for takeoff, an engine fan blade failure occurred, followed by an engine fire. The actions specified by this AD are intended to prevent uncontained engine fan blade failure due to high cycle fatigue cracking, which could result in loss of thrust from the affected engine and secondary damage to aircraft and/or fire.

Action Required

Final rule; request for comments.

Regulatory Text

97-19-16 FOKKER: Amendment 39-10169. Docket 97-NM-246-AD.

Applicability: Model F28 Mark 0100 series airplanes equipped with Rolls-Royce (RR) Tay 650-15 engines, certificated in any category.

NOTE 1: This AD applies to each airplane identified in the preceding applicability provision, regardless of whether it has been modified, altered, or repaired in the area subject to the requirements of this AD. For airplanes that have been modified, altered, or repaired so that the performance of the requirements of this AD is affected, the owner/operator must request approval for an alternative method of compliance in accordance with paragraph (c) of this AD. The request should include an assessment of the effect of the modification, alteration, or repair on the unsafe condition addressed by this AD; and, if the unsafe condition has not been eliminated, the request should include specific proposed actions to address it.

Compliance: Required as indicated, unless accomplished previously.

To prevent uncontained failure of the engine fan blades, which could result in loss of thrust from the affected engine, and secondary damage to the airplane and/or fire, accomplish the following:

(a) Within 72 hours after the effective date of this AD, revise the Limitations Section, Subsection 2.06.01 "Thrust Reverser," of the FAA-approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) to add the following. This may be accomplished by inserting a copy of this AD in the AFM.

"THRUST REVERSER

Thrust reversers are intended for ground use only. Intentional use of reverse thrust in flight is prohibited. After reverse thrust has been initiated, a full stop landing must be made.

Maximum Reverse Thrust Lever Positions

Normal Operation:

- The idle detent position shall not be exceeded in normal operation.

Emergency Operation:

- In case of emergency, the emergency maximum reverse thrust may be used.

- Stabilized operation with the reverse lever in an intermediate position between
idle reverse and emergency maximum reverse is prohibited.

- If directional control problems occur, select forward idle.

Exceeding the idle reverse thrust limitations must be reported."

(b) If the idle reverse thrust limitations specified in paragraph (a) of this AD are exceeded, within 10 days after exceeding the idle reverse thrust limitations, submit a report of that occurrence to Fokker Services, Technical Support Department, P.O. Box 75047, 1117 ZN Schiphol Airport, The Netherlands. Information collection requirements contained in this regulation have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) and have been assigned OMB Control Number 2120-0056.

(c) An alternative method of compliance or adjustment of the compliance time that provides an acceptable level of safety may be used if approved by the Manager, Standardization Branch, ANM-113, FAA,Transport Airplane Directorate. Operators shall submit their requests through an appropriate FAA Principal Maintenance Inspector, who may add comments and then send it to the Manager, Standardization Branch, ANM-113.

NOTE 2: Information concerning the existence of approved alternative methods of compliance with this AD, if any, may be obtained from the Standardization Branch, ANM-113.

(d) Special flight permits may be issued in accordance with sections 21.197 and 21.199 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR 21.197 and 21.199) to operate the airplane to a location where the requirements of this AD can be accomplished.

NOTE 3: The subject of this AD is addressed in Netherlands airworthiness directive BLA 1997-091 (A), dated September 9, 1997.

(e) This amendment becomes effective on October 27, 1997, to all persons except those persons to whom it was made immediately effective by emergency AD 97-19-16, issued on September 12, 1997, which contained the requirements of this amendment.

Supplementary Information

On September 12, 1997, the FAA issued emergency AD 97-19-16, which is applicable to Fokker Model F28 Mark 0100 series airplanes equipped with Rolls-Royce (RR) Tay 650-15 engines.

That action was prompted by a report that during preparation for takeoff, a Fokker Model F28 Mark 0100 series airplane equipped with Rolls-Royce Tay 650-15 engines sustained an engine fan blade failure, followed by an engine fire. Investigation revealed that five fan blades failed at the root area, three fan blades failed at mid-height, and the remainder were severely damaged.

Further investigation revealed that all five fan blades failed due to rapid high cycle fatigue cracking with low cycle fatigue cracking origin. Evidence of rapid high cycle fatigue cracking indicates that an operational effect is causing high vibratory stresses. Rolls Royce considers that the high cycle fatigue cracking was caused by vibration during previous thrust reverser applications. This condition, if not corrected, could result in uncontained engine fan blade failure due to high cycle fatigue cracking, which could result in loss of thrust from the affected engine and secondary damage to aircraft and/or fire.

FAA s Conclusions
This airplane model is manufactured in the Netherlands and is type certificated for operation in the United States under the provisions of section 21.29 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR 21.29) and the applicable bilateral airworthiness agreement. Pursuant to this bilateral airworthiness agreement, the Rijksluchtvaartdienst (RLD), which is the airworthiness authority for the Netherlands, has kept the FAA informed of the situation described above. The FAA has examined the findings of the RLD, reviewed all available information, and determined that AD action is necessary for products of this type design that are certificated for operation in the United States.

Explanation of the Requirements of the Rule
Since the unsafe conditiondescribed is likely to exist or develop on other airplanes of the same type design registered in the United States, the FAA issued emergency AD 97-19-16 to require a revision to the FAA-approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM). The revision includes procedures to prohibit use of reverse engine thrust power settings between idle and emergency maximum.

This AD also requires that operators submit a report to the airplane manufacturer describing any occurrence where the idle reverse thrust limitations specified in this AD are exceeded.

This is considered to be interim action until final action is identified, at which time the FAA may consider further rulemaking.

Publication and Effectivity of AD
Since it was found that immediate corrective action was required, notice and opportunity for prior public comment thereon were impracticable and contrary to the public interest, and good cause existed to make the AD effective immediately by individual notices issued on September 12, 1997, to all known U.S. owners and operators of Fokker Model F28 Mark 0100 series airplanes equipped with Rolls-Royce Tay 650-15 engines. These conditions still exist, and the AD is hereby published in the Federal Register as an amendment to section 39.13 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR 39.13) to make it effective as to all persons.

Comments Invited
Although this action is in the form of a final rule that involves requirements affecting flight safety and, thus, was not preceded by notice and an opportunity for public comment, comments are invited on this rule. Interested persons are invited to comment on this rule by submitting such written data, views, or arguments as they may desire. Communications shall identify the Rules Docket number and be submitted in triplicate to the address specified under the caption "ADDRESSES." All communications received on or before the closing date for comments will be considered, and this rule may be amended in light of the comments received. Factual information that supports the commenter s ideas and suggestions is extremely helpful in evaluating the effectiveness of the AD action and determining whether additional rulemaking action would be needed.

Comments are specifically invited on the overall regulatory, economic, environmental, and energy aspects of the rule that might suggest a need to modify the rule. All comments submitted will be available, both before and after the closing date for comments, in the Rules Docket for examination by interested persons. A report that summarizes each FAA-public contact concerned with the substance of this AD will be filed in the Rules Docket.

Commenters wishing the FAA to acknowledge receipt of their comments submitted in response to this rule must submit a self-addressed, stamped postcard on which the following statement is made: "Comments to Docket Number 97-NM-246-AD." The postcard will be date stamped and returned to the commenter.

Regulatory Impact
Theregulations adopted herein will not have substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. Therefore, in accordance with Executive Order 12612, it is determined that this final rule does not have sufficient federalism implications to warrant the preparation of a Federalism Assessment.

The FAA has determined that this regulation is an emergency regulation that must be issued immediately to correct an unsafe condition in aircraft, and that it is not a "significant regulatory action" under Executive Order 12866. It has been determined further that this action involves an emergency regulation under DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures (44 FR 11034, February 26, 1979). If it is determined that this emergency regulation otherwise would be significant under DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures, a final regulatory evaluation will beprepared and placed in the Rules Docket. A copy of it, if filed, may be obtained from the Rules Docket at the location provided under the caption "ADDRESSES."

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39
Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Safety.

Adoption of the Amendment
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the Federal Aviation Administration amends part 39 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR part 39) as follows:

PART 39 - AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.

39.13 - [Amended]
2. Section 39.13 is amended by adding the following new airworthiness directive:

AD Assistant

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Related ADs
98-06-07 Replaced by the above
Contact Information

Tim Dulin, Aerospace Engineer, Standardization Branch, ANM-113, FAA, Transport Airplane Directorate, 1601 Lind Avenue, SW., Renton, Washington 98055-4056; telephone (425) 227-2141; fax (425) 227-1320.

References
This information is not available.
--- - Part 39 [62 FR 54579 NO. 203 10/21/97]
FAA Documents