A proposal to amend part 39 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR part 39) to include an airworthiness directive (AD) that is applicable to certain Boeing Model 737-200, - 200C, -300, -400, and -500 series airplanes was published in the Federal Register on June 18, 2003 (68 FR 36515). That action proposed to require repetitive inspections to find fatigue cracking of certain upper and lower skin panels of the fuselage, and follow-on and corrective actions, if necessary. That action also includes terminating action for the repetitive inspections of certain modified or repaired areas only. \n\nComments \n\n\tInterested persons have been afforded an opportunity to participate in the making of this amendment. Due consideration has been given to the comments received. \n\nAgreement With Proposed Rule \n\n\tOne commenter generally agrees with the proposed rule. \n\nRequest To Clarify Repetitive Eddy Current Inspections \n\n\tSeveral commenters request clarification of the repetitive eddy current inspections required by paragraph (a) of the proposed rule. The commenters note that the proposed rule differs from the service bulletin in that the proposed rule requires both external detailed and eddy current inspections every 4,500 flight cycles, while the service bulletin only specifies to repeat the detailed inspections. One commenter asks if the repetitive eddy current inspections are mandatory. Another commenter points out that no explanation is given in the preamble of the proposed rule in the "Differences" paragraph. Because no technical reason is given for this change, the commenter believes the proposed rule's intent was not to include repetitive eddy current inspections that are beyond the scope of the service bulletin. \n\n\tAnother commenter, the manufacturer, agrees with the proposed rule that the eddy current inspections should be repetitive. The commenter states that because of recent upper row cracks found on a Model 737 series airplane with disbonded waffle doublers, it seems prudent to use the more sensitive eddy current inspection at repetitive intervals of 4,500 flight cycles. The commenter notes that only external detailed inspections were originally used because it was assumed that the tear straps were bonded and functioning to slow down the cracks until they could easily be detected using visual methods. The commenter states that in the case of a disbonded panel, it is unclear if the chem-mill type crack would slow down as it approaches the tear straps. The commenter believes that if it is assumed that tear straps do not slow the growth of the cracks, then the repetitive external detailed inspections every 4,500 flight cycles would allow more than two inspection opportunities to pass as cracks detectable by eddy current inspections become critical.\n\n\tWe agree with the request to clarify the repetitive eddy current inspections required by paragraph (a) of the final rule. Paragraph (a) of the proposed rule did specify repetitive external detailed and eddy current inspections but stated this as "repeat the inspections." Because the service bulletin only specifies repetitive detailed inspections, we should have explained the difference in the "Differences" paragraph of the proposed rule for the reasons stated by the last commenter (i.e. because of the recent upper row cracks found on an airplane with disbonded waffle doublers). However the "Differences" paragraph of the proposed rule is not repeated in the final rule. We have clarified the repetitive eddy current inspections by revising paragraph (a) of the final rule to state, "Repeat the external detailed and eddy current inspections * * *." \n\nRequest To Revise Text To Describe the Area of Inspection \n\n\tOne commenter requests to revise the text in paragraph (a) of the proposed rule from "crown area" to "crown area and other known areas of cracking." The commenter states that the inspections in Part 1 and Figure 1 of Boeing Alert Service Bulletin 737-53A1210, Revision 1, dated October 25, 2001 (referenced as the appropriate source of service information in the proposed rule), include areas of known cracking outside the crown. The commenter believes that since paragraph (a) of the proposed rule states to inspect only the "crown area," then the areas of known cracking outside the crown as specified in the service bulletin may not get inspected. In addition, another commenter notes that it reported a crack at S12L on a Boeing Model 737-300 series airplane. \n\n\tThe FAA agrees with the commenter that the text to describe the area of inspection should be revised. While the heading of Part 1 of the service bulletin (like the proposed rule) makes reference only to the crown area, Part 1 includes inspections outside that area, as stated by the commenter. We proposed to require all of the actions specified in Part 1 and Figure 1 of the service bulletin. For the reasons stated by that commenter, we have clarified paragraph (a) of the final rule to state, "* * * crown area and other known areas of fuselage skin cracking, per Part 1 and Figure 1 * * *." This clarification does not expand the inspection locations specified in Part 1 and Figure 1. \n\nRequest To Reduce Inspection Area \n\n\tOne commenter requests reducing the area of the eddy current inspection required by paragraph (a) of the proposed rule from body station (BS) 360 to BS 1016 to the area BS 460 to BS 787. The commenter contends that the cracking reported in the upper crown at locations ranging from BS 480 to BS 777, per Boeing Service Bulletin 737-53A1210, Revision 1, does not warrant accomplishing both a visual and an eddy current inspection of areas BS 360 to BS 1016. The commenter recommends a visual inspection for areas BS 360 to BS 1016 and an eddy current inspection for areas BS 460 to BS 787. \n\n\tWe do not agree with the request to reduce the area of the eddy current inspection required by paragraph (a) of the final rule. Since the issuance of the service bulletin, we have received new reports of cracking. To address the identified unsafe condition, detailed and eddy current inspections are required by paragraph (a) of the final rule for areas BS 360 to BS 1016 identified in the service bulletin. No change is made to the final rule in this regard. \n\nRequest To Clarify Inspections of Chem-mill Areas \n\n\tTwo commenters request clarification of inspections for chem-mill areas covered by FAA-approved or accepted repairs other than external repair doublers that extend a minimum of three rows of fasteners above and below the chem-mill steps. One commenter, the manufacturer, requests that an inspection be added to the proposed rule for areas that are covered by external repair doublers that do not extend a minimum of three rows of fasteners above and below the chem-mill steps because paragraph (a) of the proposed rule does not address inspecting these areas. The commenter states that Boeing has developed a new internalinspection method for chem-mill cracks under the external repair doublers, as specified in Boeing 737 Non-Destructive Test (NDT) Manual, Part 6, Subject 53-30-20. The commenter contends that this inspection method can be used as a substitute for the external inspections with no change in the proposed compliance times. The commenter believes that chem-mill cracks under a repair doubler that do not extend beyond the chem-mill step are just as critical because three rows are required to carry failsafe loads. However, the commenter believes the cracks in this area are inspected less than cracks addressed by the proposed rule, and that it is likely repairs have been installed over undetected chem-mill cracks. The other commenter recommends that a general visual inspection of the repair for chem- milled areas covered by other FAA-approved or accepted repairs be added to the proposed rule, or that the areas be exempted from the inspections required by paragraphs (a) and (b) of the proposed rule. \n\n\tWe agree that inspections of the chem-mill areas should be clarified. Inspections are not required in areas that are spanned by an FAA-approved repair that has a minimum of 3 rows of fasteners above and below the chem-milled step. If an external doubler covers the chem- milled step, but does not span it by a minimum of 3 rows of fasteners above and below, operators must request an alternative method of compliance (AMOC) as required by section 39.17 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR 39.17). In lieu of requesting an AMOC, one method of compliance with the inspection requirement of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this final rule is to inspect all chem-milled steps covered by the repair using internal nondestructive test (NDT) methods in accordance with Boeing 737 NDT Manual, Part 6, Subject 53-30-20. We have included new paragraph (i) of this final rule to provide inspection procedures, in lieu of requesting an AMOC, as one method of compliance with the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this final rule. \n\nRequest To Clarify Inspection Requirements in the Area of an Internal Doubler at the Emergency Door Surround Structure \n\n\tOne commenter requests that an inspection method be specified for the area of the internal doubler at the emergency exit surround structure as shown in Figure 5 of the service bulletin, or that the requirement to inspect this area be removed. The commenter notes that inspecting the area between BS 540 and BS 727 would require a different inspection procedure than the Boeing 737 NDT Manual, Part 6, Subject 53-30-18 or 53-30-19 procedures which are specified in Figure 5 of Boeing Alert Service Bulletin 737-53A1210, Revision 1, dated October 25, 2001. \n\n\tWe agree with the commenter that there should not be a requirement to inspect this area because the internal doubler that extends above S- 10 stabilizes the skin in this area and eliminates this area as a cracking concern. However, there is not a need to clarify this in thefinal rule because the service bulletin does not specify to inspect this area. This area is shown with a dotted line in Figure 5 of the service bulletin and is excluded from the inspections in Figure 5. Therefore, no change to the final rule is necessary. \n\nRequest To Clarify Terminating Action for Repetitive Inspections \n\n\tTwo commenters request that the terminating action for the repetitive inspections required by paragraph (a) of the proposed rule be clarified. One commenter states that the proposed rule requires to "Repeat the inspections at least every 4,500 flight cycles until paragraph (c) or (d)(1)(ii) of this AD has been done, as applicable." The commenter notes that paragraph (c) and (d)(1)(ii) of the proposed rule do not cover the joint cutout modification per paragraph (g) of AD 2002-07-08, amendment 39-12702 (67 FR 17917). The commenter contends that the lap joint repair per paragraph (g) of AD 2002-07-08 ends the repetitive inspections for those lap joints, and therefore, should be included as a terminating action in paragraph (a) of the proposed rule. The other commenter questions if the statement "Installation of the lap joint repair * * * is considered acceptable for compliance with * * *" in paragraph (d)(1) of the proposed AD ends the repetitive\ninspections per paragraph (a) of the proposed AD for those lap joints. \n\n\tWe agree with the commenters that we should clarify the terminating actions for the repetitive actions for the reasons stated by the first commenter. The lap joint modification (repair) is an alternate method of compliance for the repetitive requirements of paragraph (a) of the final rule. There is language in paragraph (d)(1) of the AD that does specify, "Installation of the lap joint repair specified in paragraph (g) of AD 2002-07-08, amendment 39-12702, is considered acceptable for compliance with the corresponding action specified in this paragraph for the lap joint areas only." We have moved this language to paragraph (d)(1)(ii) of the final rule to clarify that modifications performed in accordance with paragraph (g) of AD 2002-07-08 are considered a terminating modification for the chem-mill step areas within the modified areas. \n\nRequest To Add New Repair Option \n\n\tOne commenter requests that a new repair option be added to paragraph (d) of the proposed rule. Paragraph (d) of the proposed rule provides two options for repair if cracking is found. The commenter points out that general skin repairs have been added to Boeing 737 structural repair manuals, and that these repairs meet or exceed the requirements as stated in paragraph (d) of the proposed rule. The commenter suggests adding paragraph (d)(3) to the proposed rule stating, "For cracking in any area within the limitations of 737-100/ 200 SRM 53-30-3 Figure 48 for -100's and -200 aircraft, 737-300 SRM 53- 00-01 Figure 229 for -300 aircraft, 737-400 SRM 53-00-01 Figure 231 for -400 aircraft, and 737-500 SRM 53-00-01 Figure 229 for -500 aircraft, cracks can be repaired per these SRM figures as applicable. Accomplishment of these repairs ends the repetitive inspections required by paragraph (b) of this AD for the repaired area only." The commenter also suggests revising the first sentence of paragraph (d) of the proposed rule to state, " * * * specified in paragraphs (d)(1), (d)(2), and (d)(3) of this AD, as applicable * * *." The commenter points out that these SRM repairs are being used extensively within the industry to repair skin damage, including chem-mill cracks. \n\n\tWe agree with the commenter that the new repair option should be added and concur with its justification. Accordingly, we have added paragraph (e) to the final rule as follows: "For cracking in any area specified in paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(2) of this AD within the limitations of Chapter 53, Subject 53-30-3, Figure 48 (for Model 737- 100 and -200 series airplanes), of the Boeing 737-100 and -200 Structural Repair Manual (SRM); Chapter 53, Subject 53-00-01, Figure 229 (for Model 737-300 airplanes), of the Boeing 737-300 SRM; Chapter 53, Subject 53-00-01, Figure 231 (for Model 737-400 series airplanes), of the Boeing 737-400 SRM; and Chapter 53, Subject 53-00-01, Figure 229 (for Model 737-500 series airplanes), of the Boeing 737-500 SRM; repair cracks per the applicable SRM. Accomplishment of the applicable repair terminates the repetitive inspections required by paragraphs (a) and (b) of this AD for the repaired area only." We also revised paragraphs (a) and (b) of the final rule to include paragraph (e) of the final rule as an optional terminating action for the repaired area only. In addition, we revised paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(2) of the final rule by adding paragraph (e) of the final rule as a repair option. \n\nRequest To Revise Repair Instructions \n\n\tOne commenter requests that the repair instructions in paragraph (d)(2) of the proposed rule be revised. The commenter notes that paragraph (d)(2) gives instructions to "* * *repair per Part 2 of the Work Instructions of the service bulletin * * *," and the service bulletin specifies to ask Boeing for repair data. The commenter contends that an operator may interpret paragraph (d)(2) of the proposed rule as requiring them to contact Boeing for all repairs in the lower lobe and section 41. The commenter suggests revising paragraph (d)(2) of the proposed rule to state, "For cracking of the lower lobe area and Section 41, repair per paragraph (d)(3) of this AD before further flight * * *." \n\n\tWe disagree with the commenter to revise paragraph (d)(3) of the final rule per its suggested wording. As stated earlier, paragraph (d)(2) of the final rule has been revised by adding paragraph (e) of the final rule as an option to the repair of the cracking of the lower lobe and Section 41 done per Part 2 of the Work Instructions of the service bulletin. Operators should note that while the service bulletin does specify to contact Boeing for repair, paragraph (d) of the final rule requires operators to contact the FAA or a Designated Engineering Representative (DER) if the service bulletin specifies to contact Boeing for repair instructions. No change is made to the final rule in this regard. \n\nRequest To Add Inspection Requirement \n\n\tOne commenter requests that the external subsurface inspection of the chem-mill steps in adjacent bays per step 2 of Figure 18 of the service bulletin be added to paragraph (e)(2) of the proposed rule. The commenter notes that paragraph (e)(2) of the proposed rule requires an "internal eddy current inspection of the skin, tear straps, and lap joint * * *" The commenter states that, while this agrees with the service bulletin, the service bulletin also specifies an external subsurface inspection of the chem-mill steps in adjacent bays. The commenter points out that when the time-limited repair required by paragraph (e) of the proposed rule is accomplished at remote sites, it may not be possible to do an NDT inspection of the adjacent chem-mill steps. The commenter states that, often times in service, the bays adjacent to the cracked bay will also have cracks. The commenter also notes that inspection of the adjacent bays within 4,000 flight cycles after doing the repair is recommended by the service bulletin as a precautionary measure. \n\n\tWe agree with the commenter that the service bulletin also specifies external subsurface inspection of the chem-mill steps in adjacent bays. In our effort to describe the types of inspections referenced in Part 4 of the service bulletin, we inadvertently omitted the one mentioned by the commenter. We had no intention of deviating from the service bulletin. To clarify this intent, the final rule has been revised to track the precise wording of Part 4 of the service bulletin: "Do inspections of the repaired area * * *." \n\nRequest To Remove "Tear Straps" From Inspection Description \n\n\tOne commenter requests that the words "tear straps" be removed from paragraph (e)(2) of the proposed rule. The commenter notes that the internal inspection shown in Figure 18 of the service bulletin looks for cracks in the skin under the tear strap and does not look for cracks in the tear straps. \n\n\tWe agree with the commenter that the words "tear straps" be removed from paragraph (f)(2) of the final rule (specified as paragraph (e)(2) of the proposed rule). As stated previously, paragraph (f)(2) of the final rule (specified as paragraph (e)(2) of the proposed rule) has been changed to state, "Do the inspections of the repaired area * * \n*."\n\nRequest To Add Inspection for Disbonding To Terminate Repetitive Eddy Current Inspections \n\n\tOne commenter requests that an inspection for disbonding be added that would terminate the repetitive eddy current inspections required by paragraph (a) of the proposed rule. The commenter recommends that the inspection for disbonding specified in Boeing Service Bulletin 737- 53-1179, Revision 2, dated October 25, 2001, beadded as a terminating action for the repetitive eddy current inspections required by paragraph (a) of the proposed rule, and then only repetitive detailed inspections would be needed to ensure safety. \n\n\tWe agree that an inspection for disbonding should be added to terminate the repetitive eddy current inspections required by paragraph (a) of the final rule. The inspection for disbonding specified in Boeing Service Bulletin 737-53-1179, Revision 2, dated October 25, 2001, will verify the integrity of the doublers, and therefore, the repetitive eddy current inspections will no longer be required. The service bulletin is the source of service information for paragraphs (b) and (c) of AD 2003-14-06, amendment 39-13225. That AD requires repetitive inspections for cracking of certain lap splices, and corrective action if necessary. We have added paragraph (g) to the final rule as follows: "Accomplishment of paragraph (b) or (c), as applicable, of AD 2003-14- 06, amendment 39-13225, terminates the repetitive eddy current inspections required by paragraph (a) of this AD; however the repetitive detailed inspections required by paragraph (a) of this AD are still required." \n\nRequest To Exclude Appendix A From Service Bulletin References \n\n\tTwo commenters request that the phrase "including Appendix A" in paragraphs (a) through (e) of the proposed rule either be removed or changed to "excluding Appendix A." One commenter notes that Appendix A of the service bulletin is an optional cost benefit analysis worksheet that is included in the service bulletin for the benefit of the operators if they elect to use it and that it has no effect on the repair, modification, or compliance instructions of the referenced service bulletin. The other commenter questions why Appendix A is mandatory and what operators should do with it if it is not excluded from the proposed rule. \n\n\tWe agree that Appendix A should be excluded from the service bulletin references for the reasons statedby the first commenter. We removed the wording "including Appendix A" from paragraphs (a) through (d) of the final rule and paragraph (f) of the final rule (specified as paragraph (e) of the proposed rule). We also removed the wording "excluding Evaluation Form." \n\nExplanation of Editorial Changes \n\n\tWe have revised certain wording regarding the compliance times of the repetitive inspection requirements specified in paragraphs (a), (b), and (f)(1) (specified as paragraph (e)(1) of the proposed rule) of the final rule. Instead of specifying that the repetitive inspections be repeated "at least every," as stated in paragraphs (a), (b), and (e)(1) of the proposed rule, this final rule specifies that the inspections be repeated "at intervals not to exceed." \n\nClarification of Type of Inspection \n\n\tWe have clarified one of the inspection requirements contained in the proposed rule. Whereas paragraph (f)(1) of the proposed rule specifies a general visual inspection, we have revised paragraph (f)(1) of the final rule to clarify that our intent is to require a detailed inspection, as specified in the service bulletin. \n\nConclusion \n\n\tAfter careful review of the available data, including the comments noted above, the FAA has determined that air safety and the public interest require the adoption of the rule with the changes previously described. The FAA has determined that these changes will neither increase the economic burden on any operator nor increase the scope of the AD. \n\nChanges to 14 CFR Part 39/Effect on the AD \n\n\tOn July 10, 2002, the FAA issued a new version of 14 CFR part 39 (67 FR 47997, July 22, 2002), which governs the FAA's airworthiness directives system. The regulation now includes material that relates to altered products, special flight permits, and alternative methods of compliance. However, for clarity and consistency in this final rule, we have retained the language of the NPRM regarding that material. \n\nChange to Labor Rate EstimateWe have reviewed the figures we have used over the past several years to calculate AD costs to operators. To account for various inflationary costs in the airline industry, we find it necessary to increase the labor rate used in these calculations from $60 per work hour to $65 per work hour. The cost impact information, below, reflects this increase in the specified hourly labor rate. \n\nInterim Action \n\n\tThis is considered to be interim action for Group 7 airplanes. Although the service bulletin described previously does not include the inspection of the crown area (upper lobe) for Group 7 airplanes, as specified in paragraph (a) of this final rule, the manufacturer has advised that it currently is developing a new service bulletin to address those airplanes. Once the FAA has reviewed and approved the service bulletin, we may consider additional rulemaking to mandate those inspections. \n\nCost Impact \n\n\tThere are approximately 2,200 airplanes of the affected design in theworldwide fleet. The FAA estimates that 903 airplanes of U.S. registry will be affected by this proposed AD. \n\n\tIt will take approximately 94 work hours per airplane to accomplish the inspections of the crown area, at an average labor rate of $65 per work hour. Based on these figures, the cost impact of these inspections on U.S. operators is estimated to be $5,517,330, or $6,110 per airplane, per inspection cycle. \n\n\tIt will take approximately 96 work hours per airplane to accomplish the inspections of the lower lobe area, at an average labor rate of $65 per work hour. Based on these figures, the cost impact of these inspections on U.S. operators is estimated to be $5,634,720, or $6,240 per airplane, per inspection cycle. \n\n\tThe cost impact figures discussed above are based on assumptions that no operator has yet accomplished any of the requirements of this AD action, and that no operator would accomplish those actions in the future if this AD were not adopted. The cost impact figures discussed in AD rulemaking actions represent only the time necessary to perform the specific actions actually required by the AD. These figures typically do not include incidental costs, such as the time required to gain access and close up, planning time, or time necessitated by other administrative actions. \n\n\tShould an operator elect to install the preventive modification, it will take approximately 108 work hours to accomplish, at an average labor rate of $65 per work hour. Based on these figures, the cost impact of the preventive modification is estimated to be $7,020 per airplane. \n\nRegulatory Impact \n\n\tThe regulations adopted herein will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national Government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. Therefore, it is determined that this final rule does not have federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. \n\n\tFor the reasons discussed above, I certify that this action (1) is not a "significant regulatory action" under Executive Order 12866; (2) is not a "significant rule" under DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures (44 FR 11034, February 26, 1979); and (3) will not have a significant economic impact, positive or negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. A final evaluation has been prepared for this action and it is contained in the Rules Docket. A copy of it may be obtained from the Rules Docket at the location provided under the caption ADDRESSES. \n\nList of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39 \n\n\tAir transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by reference, Safety. \n\nAdoption of the Amendment \n\nAccordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the Federal Aviation Administration amends part 39 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR part 39) as follows: \n\nPART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES \n\n1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows: \n\n\tAuthority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701. \n\n§ 39.13 (Amended) \n\n2. Section 39.13 is amended by adding the following new airworthiness directive: