AD 2004-10-14

Active

Crankshaft gear

Key Information
2004-10-14
Active
June 25, 2004
May 12, 2004
89-ANE-10-AD
39-13644
Applicability
["Engine"]
Not specified
Lycoming Engines Textron Lycoming, AVCO Corporation
AEIO-320-D1B AEIO-320-D2B AEIO-320-E1A AEIO-320-E1B AEIO-320-E2A AEIO-320-E2B AEIO-360-A1A AEIO-360-A1B AEIO-360-A1B6 AEIO-360-A1C AEIO-360-A1D AEIO-360-A1E AEIO-360-A1E6 AEIO-360-A2A AEIO-360-A2B AEIO-360-A2C AEIO-360-B1B AEIO-360-B1D AEIO-360-B1F AEIO-360-B1F6 AEIO-360-B1G6 AEIO-360-B1H AEIO-360-B2F AEIO-360-B2F6 AEIO-360-B4A AEIO-360-H1A AEIO-360-H1B AEIO-540-D4A5 AEIO-540-D4B5 AEIO-540-D4C5 AEIO-540-D4D5 AEIO-540-L1B5 AEIO-540-L1B5D AEIO-540-L1D5 AIO-320-A1A AIO-320-A1B AIO-320-A2A AIO-320-A2B AIO-320-B1B AIO-320-C1B AIO-360-A1A AIO-360-A1B AIO-360-A2A AIO-360-A2B AIO-360-B1B GO-435 GO-435-C2 (O-435-17) GO-435-C2A GO-435-C2A2 GO-435-C2B GO-435-C2B1 GO-435-C2B2 GO-435-C2C GO-435-C2D GO-435-C2E GO-435-D1 GO-480 GO-480-A1A GO-480-B GO-480-B1 GO-480-B1A6 GO-480-B1B GO-480-B1C GO-480-B1D GO-480-C1B6 GO-480-C1D6 GO-480-C2C6 GO-480-C2D6 GO-480-C2E6 GO-480-C3A6 GO-480-D1A GO-480-E1A6 GO-480-F1A6 GO-480-F2A6 GO-480-F2D6 GO-480-F3A6 GO-480-F3B6 GO-480-F4A6 GO-480-F4B6 GO-480-F6 GO-480-G1A6 GO-480-G1B6 GO-480-G1D6 GO-480-G1H6 GO-480-G1J6 GO-480-G2D6 GO-480-G2F6 GSO-435-B GSO-435-B2 GSO-480-A1A6 GSO-480-A1C6 GSO-480-A2A6 GSO-480-B1A6 GSO-480-B1B3 GSO-480-B1B6 (O-480-1) GSO-480-B1C6 GSO-480-B1E6 GSO-480-B1F6 GSO-480-B1G6 GSO-480-B1J6 GSO-480-B2C6 GSO-480-B2D6 GSO-480-B2G6 GSO-480-B2H6 HIO-360-A1A HIO-360-A1B HIO-360-B1A HIO-360-B1B HIO-360-C1A HIO-360-C1B HIO-360-D1A HIO-360-E1AD HIO-360-E1BD HIO-360-F1AD HIO-360-G1A HIO-540-A1A HO-360-A1A HO-360-B1A HO-360-B1B HO-360-C1A IGO-480-A1A6 IGO-480-A1B6 IGO-540-A1A IGO-540-A1B IGO-540-A1C IGO-540-B1A IGO-540-B1B IGO-540-B1C IGSO-480-A1A6 (O-480-3) IGSO-480-A1B6 IGSO-480-A1C6 IGSO-480-A1D6 IGSO-480-A1E6 IGSO-480-A1F3 IGSO-480-A1F6 IGSO-480-A1G6 IGSO-540-A1A IGSO-540-A1C IGSO-540-A1D IGSO-540-A1E IGSO-540-A1F IGSO-540-A1H IGSO-540-B1A IGSO-540-B1C IO-320-A1A IO-320-A2A IO-320-B1A IO-320-B1B IO-320-B1C IO-320-B1D IO-320-B1E IO-320-B2A IO-320-C1A IO-320-C1B IO-320-D1A IO-320-D1B IO-320-D1C IO-320-E1A IO-320-E1B IO-320-E2A IO-320-E2B IO-320-F1A IO-360-A1A IO-360-A1B IO-360-A1B6 IO-360-A1B6D IO-360-A1C IO-360-A1D IO-360-A1D6 IO-360-A1D6D IO-360-A2A IO-360-A2B IO-360-A2C IO-360-A3B6 IO-360-A3B6D IO-360-A3D6D IO-360-B1A IO-360-B1B IO-360-B1C IO-360-B1D IO-360-B1E IO-360-B1F IO-360-B1F6 IO-360-B1G6 IO-360-B2E IO-360-B2F IO-360-B2F6 IO-360-B4A IO-360-C1A IO-360-C1B IO-360-C1C IO-360-C1C6 IO-360-C1D6 IO-360-C1E6 IO-360-C1E6D IO-360-C1F IO-360-C1G6 IO-360-D1A IO-360-E1A IO-360-F1A IO-360-J1A6D IO-360-J1AD IO-360-K2A IO-360-L2A IO-360-M1A IO-360-M1B IO-540-A1A5 IO-540-AA1A5 IO-540-AA1B5 IO-540-AB1A5 IO-540-AC1A5 IO-540-AE1A5 IO-540-B1A5 IO-540-B1B5 IO-540-B1C5 IO-540-C1B5 IO-540-C1C5 IO-540-C2C IO-540-C4B5 IO-540-C4B5D IO-540-C4C5 IO-540-C4D5 IO-540-C4D5D IO-540-D4A5 IO-540-D4B5 IO-540-D4C5 IO-540-E1A5 IO-540-E1B5 IO-540-E1C5 IO-540-G1A5 IO-540-G1B5 IO-540-G1C5 IO-540-G1D5 IO-540-G1E5 IO-540-G1F5 IO-540-J4A5 IO-540-K1A5 IO-540-K1A5D IO-540-K1B5 IO-540-K1B5D IO-540-K1C5 IO-540-K1D5 IO-540-K1E5 IO-540-K1E5D IO-540-K1F5 IO-540-K1F5D IO-540-K1G5 IO-540-K1G5D IO-540-K1H5 IO-540-K1J5 IO-540-K1J5D IO-540-K1K5 IO-540-K2A5 IO-540-L1A5 IO-540-L1A5D IO-540-L1B5D IO-540-L1C5 IO-540-M1A5 IO-540-M1A5D IO-540-M1B5D IO-540-M1C5 IO-540-M2A5D IO-540-N1A5 IO-540-P1A5 IO-540-R1A5 IO-540-S1A5 IO-540-T4A5D IO-540-T4B5 IO-540-T4B5D IO-540-T4C5D IO-540-U1A5D IO-540-U1B5D IO-540-V4A5 IO-540-V4A5D IO-540-W1A5 IO-540-W1A5D IO-540-W3A5D IO-580-A1A IO-580-B1A IVO-360-A1A IVO-540-A1A LHIO-360-C1A LHIO-360-C1B LHIO-360-F1AD LIO-320-B1A LIO-320-C1A LIO-360-C1E6 LO-360-A1G6D LO-360-A1H6 LTIO-540-F2BD LTIO-540-J2B LTIO-540-J2BD LTIO-540-K1AD LTIO-540-N2BD LTIO-540-R2AD LTIO-540-U2A LTIO-540-V2AD LTIO-540-W2A LTO-360-A1A6D O-233-A1 O-235 O-235-A O-235-AP O-235-B O-235-BP O-235-C O-235-C1 O-235-C1A O-235-C1B O-235-C1C O-235-C2A O-235-C2B O-235-C2C O-235-E1 O-235-E1B O-235-E2A O-235-E2B O-235-F1 O-235-F1B O-235-F2A O-235-F2B O-235-G1 O-235-G1B O-235-G2A O-235-G2B O-235-H2C O-235-J2A O-235-J2B O-235-K2A O-235-K2B O-235-K2C O-235-L2A O-235-L2C O-235-M1 O-235-M2C O-235-M3C O-235-N2A O-235-N2C O-235-P1 O-235-P2A O-235-P2C O-235-P3C O-320-A1A O-320-A1B O-320-A2A O-320-A2B O-320-A2C O-320-A2D O-320-A3A O-320-A3B O-320-A3C O-320-B1A O-320-B1B O-320-B2A O-320-B2B O-320-B2C O-320-B2D O-320-B2E O-320-B3A O-320-B3B O-320-B3C O-320-C1A O-320-C1B O-320-C2A O-320-C2B O-320-C2C O-320-C3A O-320-C3B O-320-C3C O-320-D1A O-320-D1B O-320-D1C O-320-D1D O-320-D1F O-320-D2A O-320-D2B O-320-D2C O-320-D2F O-320-D2G O-320-D2H O-320-D2J O-320-D3G O-320-E1A O-320-E1B O-320-E1C O-320-E1F O-320-E1J O-320-E2A O-320-E2B O-320-E2C O-320-E2D O-320-E2F O-320-E2G O-320-E2H O-320-E3D O-320-E3H O-340-A1A O-340-A2A O-340-B1A O-360-A1A O-360-A1AD O-360-A1C O-360-A1D O-360-A1F O-360-A1F6 O-360-A1F6D O-360-A1G O-360-A1G6 O-360-A1G6D O-360-A1H O-360-A1H6 O-360-A1LD O-360-A1P O-360-A2A O-360-A2D O-360-A2E O-360-A2F O-360-A2G O-360-A2H O-360-A3A O-360-A3AD O-360-A3D O-360-A4A O-360-A4AD O-360-A4D O-360-A4G O-360-A4J O-360-A4K O-360-A4M O-360-A4N O-360-A4P O-360-A5AD O-360-B1A O-360-B1B O-360-B2A O-360-B2B O-360-B2C O-360-C1A O-360-C1C O-360-C1E O-360-C1F O-360-C1G O-360-C2A O-360-C2B O-360-C2C O-360-C2D O-360-C2E O-360-C4F O-360-C4P O-360-D1A O-360-D2A O-360-D2B O-360-F1A6 O-360-G1A6 O-360-J2A O-540-A1A O-540-A1A5 O-540-A1B5 O-540-A1C5 O-540-A1D O-540-A1D5 O-540-A2B O-540-A3D5 O-540-A4A5 O-540-A4B5 O-540-A4C5 O-540-A4D5 O-540-B1A5 O-540-B1B5 O-540-B1D5 O-540-B2A5 O-540-B2B5 O-540-B2C5 O-540-B4A5 O-540-B4B5 O-540-D1A5 O-540-E4A5 O-540-E4B5 O-540-E4C5 O-540-F1A5 O-540-F1B5 O-540-G1A5 O-540-G2A5 O-540-H1A5 O-540-H1A5D O-540-H1B5D O-540-H2A5 O-540-H2A5D O-540-H2B5D O-540-J1A5D O-540-J1B5D O-540-J1C5D O-540-J1D5D O-540-J2A5D O-540-J2B5D O-540-J2C5D O-540-J2D5D O-540-J3A5 O-540-J3A5D O-540-J3C5D O-540-L3C5D SO-580-A1A SO-580-A1B TIGO-541-B1A TIGO-541-C1A TIGO-541-D1A TIGO-541-D1B TIGO-541-E1A TIGO-541-G1AD TIO-360-A1A TIO-360-A1B TIO-360-A3B6 TIO-360-C1A6D TIO-540-A1A TIO-540-A1B TIO-540-A1C TIO-540-A2A TIO-540-A2B TIO-540-A2C TIO-540-AA1AD TIO-540-AB1AD TIO-540-AB1BD TIO-540-AE2A TIO-540-AF1A TIO-540-AF1B TIO-540-AG1A TIO-540-AH1A TIO-540-AJ1A TIO-540-AK1A TIO-540-C1A TIO-540-E1A TIO-540-F2BD TIO-540-G1A TIO-540-H1A TIO-540-J2B TIO-540-J2BD TIO-540-K1AD TIO-540-N2BD TIO-540-R2AD TIO-540-S1AD TIO-540-T2AD TIO-540-U2A TIO-540-V2AD TIO-540-W2A TIVO-540-A2A TO-360-A1A6D TO-360-C1A6D TO-360-F1A6D TVO-435-A1A TVO-435-B1A (O-435-25A) TVO-435-B1B TVO-435-C1A TVO-435-D1A TVO-435-D1B TVO-435-E1A TVO-435-F1A TVO-435-G1A TVO-435-G1B TVO-540-A1A VO-360-A1A VO-360-A1B VO-360-B1A VO-435-A1A (O-435-21) VO-435-A1B (O-435-6) VO-435-A1C (O-435-23, -23A, -23B, -23C) VO-435-A1D (O-435-6A) VO-435-A1E VO-435-A1F VO-435-B1A VO-540-A1A VO-540-A2A VO-540-B1A VO-540-B1B VO-540-B1B3 VO-540-B1C VO-540-B1D VO-540-B1E VO-540-B1F VO-540-B1H3 VO-540-B2A VO-540-B2C VO-540-B2D VO-540-B2E VO-540-B2G VO-540-C1A VO-540-C1B VO-540-C1C3 VO-540-C2A (O-540-9) VO-540-C2B VO-540-C2C VSO-580-A1A F220 GO-145-C1 GO-145-C2 GO-145-C3 GSO-580 GSO-580-B GSO-580-C GSO-580-D IO-720-A1A IO-720-A1B IO-720-A1BD IO-720-B1A IO-720-B1B IO-720-B1BD IO-720-C1B IO-720-C1BD IO-720-D1B IO-720-D1BD IO-720-D1C IO-720-D1CD Military O-435-2-M1 O-290 O-290-A O-290-AP O-290-B O-290-C O-290-CP O-290-D O-290-D2 O-290-D2A O-290-D2B O-290-D2C O-350 O-350-A P220 R-530-D1 R-530-D2 R-680 R-680-2 R-680-4 R-680-5 R-680-6 R-680-B2 R-680-B4 Series R-680-B5 R-680-B6 R-680-BA R-680-D5 R-680-D6 R-680-E1 R-680-E2 R-680-E3 R-680-E3A R-680-E3B
Summary

The FAA is adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) that supersedes an existing AD, for Lycoming Engines (formerly Textron Lycoming), direct-drive reciprocating engines (except O-145, O-320-H, O- 360-E, LO-360-E, LTO-360-E, TO-360-E, O-435, and TIO-541 series engines). That AD currently requires inspection of the crankshaft gear installation and rework or replacement of the gears where necessary after a propeller strike, sudden stoppage, at overhaul, or whenever gear train repair is required. This AD requires the same actions but makes the correction that the existing gear retaining bolt and lockplate be removed from service and new hardware installed, and revises the definitions for sudden stoppage and propeller strike. This AD removes the requirement to perform inspections at overhaul and during repair of the gear train, because Lycoming has incorporated those procedures from their Service Bulletin into their Overhaul Manual. This AD results from a change to the definition of a propeller strike or sudden stoppage. We are issuing this AD to prevent loosening or failure of the crankshaft gear retaining bolt, which may cause sudden engine failure.

Action Required

Final rule.

Regulatory Text

2004-10-14 Lycoming Engines (formerly Textron Lycoming): Amendment 39-13644. Docket No. 89-ANE-10-AD. Supersedes AD 91-14-22, Amendment 39-6916.

Effective Date

(a) This AD becomes effective June 25, 2004.

Affected ADs

(b) This AD supersedes AD 91-14-22.

Applicability

(c) This AD applies to Lycoming Engines (formerly Textron Lycoming), direct-drive reciprocating engines (except O-145, O-320-H, O-360-E, LO-360-E, LTO-360-E, TO-360-E, O-435, and TIO-541 series engines).

Unsafe Condition

(d) This AD results from a change to the definition of a propeller strike or sudden stoppage. The actions specified in this AD are intended to prevent loosening or failure of the crankshaft gear retaining bolt, which may cause sudden engine failure.

Compliance

(e) Compliance with this AD is required as indicated before further flight if the engine experiences a propeller strike after the effective date of this AD, as defined in paragraphs (i) and (j) of this AD.

(f) Inspect, and if necessary repair, the crankshaft counter bored recess, the alignment dowel, the bolt hole threads, and the crankshaft gear for wear, galling, corrosion, and fretting in accordance with steps 1 through 5 of Lycoming Mandatory Service Bulletin (MSB) No. 475C, dated January 30, 2003.

(g) Remove the existing gear retaining bolt and lockplate from service, and install a new bolt and lockplate, in accordance with steps 6 and 7 of Lycoming MSB No. 475C, dated January 30, 2003.

Prohibition of Retaining Bolt and Lockplate

(h) Do not install the gear retaining bolt and lockplate that were removed in paragraph (g) of this AD, into any engine.

Definition of Propeller Strike

(i) For the purposes of this AD, a propeller strike is defined as follows:

(1) Any incident, whether or not the engine is operating, that requires repair to the propeller other than minor dressing of the blades.

(2) Any incident during engine operation in which the propeller impacts a solid object that causes a drop in revolutions per minute (RPM) and also requires structural repair of the propeller (incidents requiring only paint touch-up are not included). This is not restricted to propeller strikes against the ground.

(3) A sudden RPM drop while impacting water, tall grass, or similar yielding medium, where propeller damage is not normally incurred.

(j) The preceding definitions include situations where an aircraft is stationary and the landing gear collapses causing one or more blades to be substantially bent, or where a hanger door (or other object) strikes the propeller blade. These cases should be handled as sudden stoppages because of potentially severe side loading on the crankshaft flange, front bearing, and seal.

Alternative Methods of Compliance

(k) The Manager, New York Aircraft Certification Office, has the authority to approve alternative methods of compliance for this AD if requested using the procedures found in14 CFR 39.19.

Material Incorporated by Reference

(l) You must use Lycoming MSB No. 475C, dated January 30, 2003, to perform the inspections and repairs required by this AD. The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference of this service bulletin in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You can get a copy from Lycoming Engines, 652 Oliver Street, Williamsport, PA 17701, U.S.A; telephone (570) 323-6181; fax (570) 327-7101. You can review copies at the FAA, New England Region, Office of the Regional Counsel, 12 New England Executive Park, Burlington, MA; or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html .

Related Information

(m) None.

Supplementary Information

The FAA proposed to amend 14 CFR Part 39, by superseding an AD with a proposed airworthiness directive (AD). The proposed AD applies to Lycoming Engines direct-drive reciprocating engines (except O-145, O-320-H, O-360-E, LO-360-E, LTO-360-E, TO-360-E, O-435, and TIO-541 series engines). We published the proposed AD in the Federal Register on March 25, 2003 (68 FR 14350). That action proposed to require inspection of the crankshaft gear installation and rework or replacement of the gears where necessary after a propeller strike, sudden stoppage, at overhaul, or whenever gear train repair is required. That action also proposed to revise the definitions for sudden stoppage and propeller strike.

Comments

We provided the public the opportunity to participate in the development of this AD. We have considered the comments received.

Provide a Trigger Level for Action

One commenter requests that the proposed AD should provide a trigger level to alertmaintenance personnel of the need for action. The commenter states that this is required to avoid having maintenance personnel determine the need for action. Also, this would avoid miscommunication between the pilot and the maintenance personnel. The commenter also states that the proposed AD is too general for proper action in the field.

The FAA does not agree. Section 91.7(b) of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR 91.7(b)) states: "The pilot in command of a civil aircraft is responsible for determining whether that aircraft is in condition for safe flight." The pilot must advise the maintenance technician and inspector of the need to perform maintenance. It is also the responsibility of the maintenance technician and or inspector to advise the pilot when an unsafe condition is found during routine maintenance. The actions required by this AD, like many other situations in aviation, may require some judgment on the part of the pilot, maintenance technician, and or inspector,as well as good communication among all parties. Adding additional conditions will only require more judgment and more decisions by all parties involved.

AD as Written Will Require Unneeded Inspections

One commenter states that the proposed AD would require unneeded inspections by "tying the hands" of knowledgeable mechanics. The commenter also states that the final determination regarding needed inspections should be made by the maintenance personnel in the field. The commenter further states that the mechanics are in the best position to evaluate the factors surrounding each incident, and to determine which engine components should be inspected.

The FAA does not agree. The wording in this AD is designed to assist the mechanics when deciding on what action to take in a given situation. Based on Lycoming's engine design knowledge and worldwide service experience, certain situations are known to have caused engine problems. This AD is not designed to "tie the hands of themechanic". The AD is intended to help the pilot in command and maintenance personnel make the best possible maintenance decision.

Correction to the Compliance

As a correction to the compliance, we added paragraphs to require the existing gear retaining bolt and lockplate be removed from service and a new bolt and lockplate be installed, and to prohibit installation of the removed hardware into any engine. This correction places the AD in agreement with the referenced SB.

Other Corrections

The TO-360-E engine model was inadvertently omitted from the list of exceptions of engines. That engine model has been added to the list of exceptions of engines not affected by this AD. Also, some of the engine model numbers were missing dashes and are corrected in this AD. Also, the phrase of after the effective date of this AD, was
inadvertently omitted from paragraph (e). This phrase is added to paragraph (e) to cover engines that experience a propeller strike after the effective date of the AD.

Conclusion

We have carefully reviewed the available data, including the comments received, and determined that air safety and the public interest require adopting the AD with the changes described previously. We have determined that these changes will neither increase the economic burden on any operator nor increase the scope of the AD. The assigned paragraph letters in the regulatory section have been changed from what appeared in the proposal, as we are continuing our introduction of plain language into our documents.

Regulatory Findings

We have determined that this AD will not have federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government.

For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD:

(1) Is not a "significant regulatory action" under Executive Order 12866;

(2) Is not a "significant rule" under DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures (44 FR 11034, February 26, 1979); and

(3) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.

We prepared a summary of the costs to comply with this AD and placed it in the AD Docket. You may get a copy of this summary by sending a request to us at the address listed under ADDRESSES. Include "AD Docket No. 89-ANE-10-AD" in your request.

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39

Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by reference, Safety.
Adoption of the Amendment

Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the Federal Aviation Administration amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows:

PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES

1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.

39.13 [Amended]

2. The FAA amends 39.13 by removing Amendment 39-6916 (56 FR 33205, July 19, 1991), and by adding the following new airworthiness directive (AD):

AD Assistant

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Related ADs
91-14-22 This AD replaces the above
Contact Information

Norm Perenson, Aerospace Engineer, New York Aircraft Certification Office, FAA, 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, Westbury, NY 11590; telephone (516) 228-7337; fax (516) 794-5531.

References
Federal Register: May 21, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 99)
--- - Part 39
Page 29210-29212
FAA Documents
ADs Superseded by This AD
AD Number Subject Effective Date Actions
91-14-22 Crankshaft Gear Retaining Bolt 1991-08-19 View